SQL 常用语句

SQL 常用语句参考手册,可以打印它,以备日常使用。


SQL 语句

语句语法
AND / ORSELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
AND|OR condition
ALTER TABLE (add column)ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD column_name datatype
ALTER TABLE (drop column)ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP COLUMN column_name
AS (alias for column)SELECT column_name AS column_alias
FROM table_name
AS (alias for table)SELECT column_name
FROM table_name  AS table_alias
BETWEENSELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
BETWEEN value1 AND value2
CREATE DATABASECREATE DATABASE database_name
CREATE INDEXCREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)
CREATE TABLECREATE TABLE table_name
(
column_name1 data_type,
column_name2 data_type,
…….
)
CREATE UNIQUE INDEXCREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)
CREATE VIEWCREATE VIEW view_name AS
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
DELETE FROMDELETE FROM table_name
(备注: 删除整个表!)

或者

DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE condition

DROP DATABASEDROP DATABASE database_name
DROP INDEXDROP INDEX table_name.index_name
DROP TABLE
(删除整个表的数据及结构)
DROP TABLE table_name
GROUP BYSELECT column_name1,SUM(column_name2)
FROM table_name
GROUP BY column_name1
HAVINGSELECT column_name1,SUM(column_name2)
FROM table_name
GROUP BY column_name1
HAVING SUM(column_name2) condition value
INSELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
IN (value1,value2,..)
INSERT INTOINSERT INTO table_name
VALUES (value1, value2,….)

或者

INSERT INTO table_name
(column_name1, column_name2,…)
VALUES (value1, value2,….)

LIKESELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
LIKE pattern
ORDER BYSELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
ORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC]
SELECTSELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
SELECT SELECT
FROM table_name
SELECT DISTINCTSELECT DISTINCT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
SELECT INTO
(通常用于创建表的备份副本)
SELECT *
INTO new_table_name
FROM original_table_name

或者

SELECT column_name(s)
INTO new_table_name
FROM original_table_name

TRUNCATE TABLE
(仅删除表中的数据)
TRUNCATE TABLE table_name
UPDATEUPDATE table_name
SET column_name=new_value
[, column_name=new_value]
WHERE column_name=some_value
WHERESELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition